إِذَا
A word in the Arabic language will either be 1) a verb or 2) a noun or 3) a particle – إِذَا is a noun
A noun may either be 1) Definite or indefinite 2) Masculine or feminine 3) Singular, dual or plural 4) Nominative, accusative, genitive or fixed
When, if, behold, then, at that time, as, while, since, on, all of a sudden
the above words are regarded as indeclinable nouns by the Arab grammarians and are constantly employed in the holy Quran to commence a sentence without any antecedent. They are a time reference and are used as corroborative particles meant to draw the readers attention to a turn in the discourse and can be translated as ‘remember the time’
| Noun of condition | Conditional Meaning | Definite | when | Adverb إِذَا | Adverb of time | Noun |
| اسْمُ الشَّرْطِ خَيْرُ جَازِمٍ | الْشَّرْطُ | مَعْرِفَةٌ | if | Root | ظَرْفُ الْزَّمَانِ | اسْمٌ |
| as | ||||||
| behold | ظَرْفُ الزَّمَانِ مَبْنِيٌّ عَلَى السُّكُوْنِ | |||||
| Surah/ | Meaning | Aayat |
| Verse | the adverb إِذَا occurs approximately 405 times in the holy Quran | ظَرْفُ الْزَّمَانِ |
| 2-11 | And when it is said to them “Do not make mischief on the earth” they say “We are only peacemakers” | وَإِذَا قِيْلَ لَهُمْ لَا تُفْسِدُوْا فِي الأَرْضِ قَالُوْا إِنَّمَا نَحْنُ مُصْلِحُوْنَ |
| 2-13 | And when it is said to them “Believe as the people believed” they say, “Shall we believe as the fools believed?” | وَإِذَ قِيْلَ لَهُمْ ءَامِنُوْا كَمَا ءَامَنَ النَّاسُ قَالُوْا أَنُؤْمِنُ كَمَا ءَامَنَ السُّفَهَاءُ |
| Truly they are the fools, but they do not know it | أَلَا إِنَّهُمْ هُمُ السُّفَهَاءُ وَلَاكِنْ لَّا يَعْلَمُوْنَ | |
| 2-14 | And when they meet the believers, they say, “we believe” but when they are alone with their disbelievers | وَإِذَا لَقُوا الَّذِيْنَ ءَامَنُوْا قَالُوْا ءَامَنَّا وَإِذَا خَلَوْا إِلَى شَيَاطِيْنِهِمْ |
| they say, “Truly we are with you, truly we were but mocking” | قَالُوْا إِنَّا مَعَكُمْ إِنَّمَا نَحْنُ مُسْتَهْزِءُوْنَ | |
| 2-20 | The lightning almost snatches away their sight whenever, it flashes for them, they walk therein | يَكَادُ البَرْقُ يَخْطَفُ أَبْصَارَهُمْ كُلَّمَا أَضَاءَ لَهُمْ مَشَوْا فِيْهِ |
| and, when darkness covers them, they stand still and had Allah (SWT) willed He could have taken away | وَإِذَا أَظْلَمَ عَلَيْهِمْ قَامُوْا وَلَوْ شَاءَ اللهُ لَذَهَبَ | |
| their hearing and their sight, certainly Allah (SWT) has power over all things | بِسَمْعِهِمْ وَأَبْصَارِهِمْ إِنَّ اللهَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيْرٌ | |
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| 89-4 | and by the night when it departs | وَالَّيْلِ إِذَا يَسْرِ |
| 89-15 | As for man, when his Lord tries him by giving him honor and bounties, then he says, “my Lord has honored me” | فَأَمَّا الإِنْسَانُ إِذَا مَا ابْتَلَاهُ رَبُّهُ فَأَكْرَمَهُ وَنَعَّمَهُ فَيَكُوْلُ رَبِّي أَكْرَمَنِي |
| 89-16 | but when He tries him by straitening his means of life, he says, “my Lord has humiliated me” | وَأَمَّا إِذَا مَا ابْتَلَاهُ فَقَدَرَ عَلَيْهِ رِزْقَهُ فَيَقُوْلُ رَبِّي أَهَانَنِ |
| 89-21 | Nay, when the earth is ground to powder | كَلَّا إِذَا دُكَّتِ الأَرْضُ دَكًّا دَكًّا |
| 91-2 | by the moon as it follows | وَالقَمَرِ إِذَا تَلَاهَا |
| 91-3 | by the day as it appears | وَالنَّهَارِ إِذَا جَلَّاهَا |
| 91-4 | by the night as it covers | وَالَّيْلِ إِذَا يَغْشَاهَا |
| 92-1 | By the night as it envelopes | وَالَّيْلِ إِذَا يَغْشَى |
| 92-2 | and the day as it appears | وَالنَّهَارِ إِذَا تَجَلَّى |
| 92-11 | and his wealth will not avail him when he falls | وَمَا يُغْنِي عَنْهُ مَالُهُ إِذَا تَرَدَّى |
| 93-2 | And the night when it darkens | وَالَّيْلِ إِذَا سَجَى |
| 94-7 | So, when you have finished, devote yourself for Allah’s worship | فَإِذَا فَرَغْتَ فَانْصَبْ |
| 96-10 | a slave when he prays | عَبْدًا إِذَا صَلَّى |
| 99-1 | When the earth is shaken with its shaking | إِذَا زُلْزِلَتِ الْأَرْضُ زِلْزَالَهَا |
| 100-9 | Knows he not that when the contents of the graves are poured forth | أَفَلَا يَعْلَمُ إِذَا بُعْثِرَ مَا فِي الْقُبُورِ |
| 110-1 | When the help of Allah and the conquest comes | إِذَا جَاءَ نَصْرُ اللَّهِ وَالْفَتْحُ |
| 113-3 | And from the evil of a darkener when he darkens | وَمِنْ شَرِّ غَاسِقٍ إِذَا وَقَبَ |
| 113-5 | And from the evil of the envier when he envies | وَمِنْ شَرِّ حَاسِدٍ إِذَا حَسَدَ |