كَانَ
A word in the Arabic language will either be: 1) a verb or 2) a noun or 3) a particle – كَانَ is a verb
A verb will either be: 1) past tense or 2) present or future tense or 3) a command or request verb, also called an imperative – كَانَ is a past tense verb
كَانَ is an incomplete verb so, unlike regulars verbs that require a subject, it requires an اسْمٌ and a خَبَرٌ to complete it
Was, existed, happened, occurred, took place, were, used to, is ever, is, worthy of
| هُوَ الْغَائِبُ | مُعْتَلُّ الْعَيْنِ | فِعْلٌ نَاقِصٌ | ك و ن | كَانَ يَكُوْنُ | بَابٌ نَصَرَ |
| Subject He | Weak Verb | Incomplete verb | Root | الأَجْوَفُ | اَلْمَصْدَرُ |
| الأَجْوَفُ | كَانَ وَأَخَوَاتُهَا | فِعْلٌ | |||
| Verb of command Request | فِعْلُ أَمْرٍ | Present and future tense verb | فِعْلٌ مُضَارِعٌ | Past tense verb | فِعْلٌ مَاضٍ |
| He is | يَكُوْنُ | He was, existed, happened, occurred | كَانَ | ||
| They two are | يَكُوْنَانِ | They two were | كَانَا | ||
| They are | يَكُوْنُوْنَ | They were | كَانُوْا | ||
| She is | تَكُوْنُ | She was | كَانَتْ | ||
| They two (feminine) are | تَكُوْنَانِ | They two (feminine) were | كَانَتَا | ||
| They (feminine) are | يَكُنَّ | They (feminine) were | كُنَّ | ||
| Be | كُنْ | You are | تَكُوْنُ | You were | كُنْتَ |
| Be (You two) | كُوْنَا | You two are | تَكُوْنَانِ | You two were | كُنْتُمَا |
| Be (You all) | كُوْنُوْا | You all are | نَكُوْنُوْنَ | You all were | كُنْتُمْ |
| Be (feminine) | كُوْنِيْ | You (feminine) are | تَكُوْنُ | You (feminine) were | كُنْتِ |
| Be (You two feminine) | كُوْنَا | You two (feminine) are | تَكُوْنَانِ | You two (feminine) were | كُنْتُمَا |
| Be (You all feminine) | كُنَّ | You all (feminine) are | تَكُنَّ | You all (feminine) were | كُنْتُنَّ |
| I am | أكُوْنُ | I was | كُنْتُ | ||
| We are | نَكُوْنُ | We were | كُنَّا | ||
| Surah/ | Below are the 382 verses in the holy Quran containing the third person, singular, perfect verb | كَانَ |
| Verse | ||
| And when We said to the angels “Prostrate yourselves before Adam” they prostrated except Satan, he refused | وَإِذْ قُلْنَا لِلْمَلَآئِكَةِ اسْجُدُوْا لِأَدَمَ فَسَجَدُوْا إِلَّآ إِبْلِيْسَ أَبَى وَاسْتَكْبَرَ | |
| 2-34 | and he was proud and became of the disbelievers | وَكَانَ مِنَ الكَافِرِيْنَ |
| Do you covet that they will believe in your religion? | أَفَتَطْمَعُوْنَ أَنْ يُؤْمِنُوا لَكُمْ | |
| in spite of the fact that a party among them (used to) hear the Word of Allah (SWT) | وَقَدْ كَانَ فَرِيْقٌ مِّنْهُمْ يَسْمَعُوْنَ كَلَامَ اللهِ | |
| 2-75 | then they change it after having understood it while they know | ثُمَّ يُحَرِّفُوْنَهُ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا عَقَلُوْهُ وَهُمْ يَعْلَمُوْنَ |
| Say “Whoever is an enemy to Jibrael (AS) surely, he has brought it down to your heart | قُلْ مَنْ كَانَ عَدُوًّا لِّجِبْرِيْلَ فَإِنَّهُ نَزَّلَهُ عَلَى قَلْبِكَ | |
| by the permission of Allah (SWT’s) confirming what came before it | بِإِذْنِ اللهِ مُصَدِّقًا لِّمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ | |
| 2-97 | and as guidance and glad tidings for the believers | وَهُدًى وَبُشْرَى لِلْمُؤْمِنِيْنَ |
| Whoever is an enemy to Allah (SWT) and His Angels and His Messengers and Jibrael (AS) and Mikael (AS) | مَنْ كَانَ عَدُوًّا لِلَّهِ وَمَلَآئِكَتِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَجِبْرِيْلَ وَمِيْكَالَ | |
| 2-98 | then truly Allah (SWT) is an enemy to the disbelievers | فَإِنَّ اللهَ عَدُوٌّ لِلْكَافِرِيْنَ |
| They say “None shall enter Paradise unless he be a Jew or a Christian” | وَقَالُوْا لَنْ يَدْخُلَ الجَنَّةَ إِلَّا مَنْ كَانَ هُوْدًا أَوْ نَصَارَى | |
| 2-111 | These are their own wishful thinking, say “Bring your proof if you be truthful” | تِلْكَ أَمَانِيُّهُمْ قُلْ هَاتُوْا بُرْهَانَكُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَادِقِيْنَ |
| And who are more unjust than who prevent His name being mentioned in the Mosques of Allah (SWT) | وَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّن مَّنَعَ مَسَاجِدَ اللهِ أَنْ يُذْكَرَ فِيْهَا اسْمُهُ | |
| and strive for their ruin | وَسَعَى فِي خَرَابِهَا | |
| It is not for those to enter them but in fear | أُوْلَآئِكَ مَا كَانَ لَهُمْ أَنْ يَدْخُلُوْهَآ إِلَّا خَائِفِيْنَ | |
| 2-114 | For them is disgrace in this world and a great torment in the hereafter | لَهُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا خِزْيٌ وَلَهُمْ فِي الآخِرَةِ عَذَابٌ عَظِيْمٌ |
| And they say: “Be Jews or Christians then you will be guided” | وَقَالُوْا كُوْنُوْا هُوْدًا أَوْ نَصَارَى تَهْتَدُوْا | |
| 2-135 | Say “Nay the religion of Ebrahim (AS) is upright and he was not of the polytheists | قُلْ بَل مِلَّةَ إِبْرَاهِيْمَ حَنِيْفًا وَمَا كَانَ مِنَ المُشْرِكِيْنَ |
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| 74-16 | nay! truly he has been towards Our signs, stubborn | كَلَّآ إِنَّهُ كَانَ لِآيَاتِنَا عَنِيْدًا |
| 75-38 | then he became a clinging substance, then He created, and He proportioned | ثُمَّ كَانَ عَلَقَةً فَخَلَقَ فَسَوَّى |
| 76-5 | Verily, the righteous will drink from a cup, its mixture will be from Kafur | إِنَّ الأَبْرَارَ يَشْرَبُوْنَ مِنْ كَأْسٍ كَانَ مِزَاجُهَا كَافُوْرًا |
| 76-7 | they fulfil the vow, and they fear a day, its evil will be widespread | يُوْفُوْنَ بِالنَّذْرِ وَيَخَافُوْنَ يَوْمًا كَانَ شَرُّهُ مُسْتَطِيْرًا |
| 76-17 | and they will be given to drink from it a cup, its mixture will be ginger | وَيُسْقُوْنَ فِيْهَا كَأْسًا كَانَ مِزَاجُهَا زَنْجَبِيْلًا |
| 76-22 | Truly this was a reward for you and was an appreciation for your efforts | إِنَّ هَذَا كَانَ لَكُمْ جَزَآءً وَكَانَ سَعْيُكُمْ مَّشْكُوْرًا |
| and not can you wish except if Allah (SWT) Wishes | وَمَا تَشَآءُوْنَ إِلَّآ أَنْ يَشَآءَ اللهُ | |
| 76-30 | truly Allah (SWT) is All-Knowing, All-Wise | إِنَّ اللهَ كَانَ عَلِيْمًا حَكِيْمًا |
| 77-39 | so, if there is for you a way (plot, plan, scheme) then plan against Me | فَإِنْ كَانَ لَكُمْ كَيْدٌ فَكِيْدُوْنِ |
| 78-17 | Indeed, the day of judgement is an appointed time | إِنَّ يَوْمَ الفَصْلِ كَانَ مِيْقَاتًا |
| 84-13 | Verily, he was among his people in joy | إِنَّهُ كَانَ فِي أَهْلِهِ مَسْرُوْرًا |
| 84-15 | Yes indeed, certainly his Lord was ever Seeing of him | بَلَى إِنَّ رَبَّهُ كَانَ بِهِ بَصِيْرًا |
| 90-17 | then he became of those who believed and recommended to patience and recommended to mercy | ثُمَّ كَانَ مِنْ الَّذِيْنَ ءَامَنُوْا وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالصَّبْرِ وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالمَرْحَمَةِ |
| 96-11 | Do you consider that he is on the guidance? | أَرَءَيْتَ إِنْ كَانَ عَلَى الهُدَى |
| 110-3 | Then glorify the praises of your Nurturer and seek His forgiveness, truly He is oft returning | فَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ وَاسْتَغْفِرْهُ إِنَّهُ كَانَ تَوَّابًا |